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Chu, A. T., & Đoàn, C. T. (2026). Hoàng liên giải độc thang thành phần hoạt tính và tác dụng dược lý của bài thuốc. Tạp chí Y học Thảm hoạ và Bỏng, 1, 96-108. https://jbdmp.vn/index.php/yhthvb/article/view/586
Hoàng liên giải độc thang thành phần hoạt tính và tác dụng dược lý của bài thuốc
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Tóm tắt
Hoàng liên giải độc thang là bài thuốc cổ phương có tác dụng thanh nhiệt giải độc, được ứng dụng trong điều trị nhiều bệnh, trong đó có bỏng, đặc biệt là trong việc chống lại bệnh do virus corona 2019 (COVID-19). Hoàng liên giải độc thang (HLGĐT) được phối hợp từ 4 vị thuốc gồm Hoàng liên, Hoàng cầm, Hoàng bá và Chi tử theo tỷ lệ 3 : 2 : 2 : 3, chủ trị các chứng nhất thiết thực nhiệt hỏa độc, tam tiêu nhiệt thịnh; có nhiều tác dụng dược lý như kháng vi sinh vật gây bệnh, kháng viêm, dị ứng, chống oxy hóa, can thiệp vào các khối u, bệnh lý ở gan, não, rối loạn chuyển hoá; trên lâm sàng được sử dụng rộng rãi để điều trị các bệnh như nhiễm khuẩn huyết, viêm loét đại tràng, đột quỵ do thiếu máu cục bộ, đái tháo đường type 2, bệnh Alzheimer. Đã có nhiều nghiên cứu cơ bản cho thấy HLGĐT có thành phần, tác dụng điều trị và chỉ định lâm sàng rõ ràng.
Chi tiết bài viết
Từ khóa
Hoàng Liên giải độc thang, y học cổ truyền, thành phần hoạt tính, tác dụng dược lý, cơ chế tác dụng, kháng viêm, bảo vệ thần kinh, tự kết tủa
Tài liệu tham khảo
1. Chen G., Wang X., Liu C., Zhang M., Han X., Xu Y. (2022) The interaction of MD-2 with small molecules in huanglian jiedu decoction play a critical role in the treatment of sepsis. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 13:947095.
2. Yuan Z., Yang L., Zhang X., Ji P., Hua Y., Wei Y. (2019) Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction ameliorates acute ulcerative colitis in mice via regulating NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling pathways and enhancing intestinal barrier function. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 10:1354.
3. Liu H., Chen X., Liu Y., Fang C., Chen S. (2021) Antithrombotic effects of Huanglian Jiedu decoction in a rat model of ischaemia-reperfusion-induced cerebral stroke. Pharmaceutical Biology, 59(1):821-825.
4. Zhang X.-J., Deng Y.-X., Shi Q.-Z., He M.-Y., Chen B., Qiu X.-M. (2014) Hypolipidemic effect of the Chinese polyherbal Huanglian Jiedu decoction in type 2 diabetic rats and its possible mechanism. Phytomedicine, 21(5):615-623.
5. Qi Y.-Y., Heng X., Yao Z.-Y., Qu S.-Y., Ge P.-Y., Zhao X., Ni S.-j., Guo R., Yang N.-Y., Zhang Q.-C. (2023) Involvement of Huanglian Jiedu decoction on microglia with abnormal sphingolipid metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease. Drug Design, Development and Therapy:931-950.
6. Qi Y., Zhang Q., Zhu H. (2019) Huang-Lian Jie-Du decoction: a review on phytochemical, pharmacological and pharmacokinetic investigations. Chinese medicine, 14(1):57.
7. Wang N., Feng Y., Tan H.-Y., Cheung F., Hong M., Lao L., Nagamatsu T. (2015) Inhibition of eukaryotic elongation factor-2 confers to tumor suppression by a herbal formulation Huanglian-Jiedu decoction in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 164:309-318.
8. He D., Liao F., Wang P., Gan B., Yu L. (2022) Rapid separation and identification of 96 main constituents in Huanglian Jiedu decoction via ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography-Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid mass spectrometer. Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 57(10):e4888.
9. Chen M., Wang P., Li T., Li L., Li J., Bai H., Lei H., Ma Q. (2021) Comprehensive analysis of Huanglian Jiedu decoction: Revealing the presence of a self-assembled phytochemical complex in its naturally-occurring precipitate. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 195:113820.
10. Zhu H., Qian Z., Li H., Guo L., Pan L., Zhang Q., Tang Y. (2012) Integrated pharmacokinetics of major bioactive components in MCAO rats after oral administration of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 141(1):158-169.
11. Sun J., Ma J.S., Jin J., Wang H.S., Wen Q.H., Zhang H.G., Zhou Q.L. (2006) [Qualitative and quantitative determination of the main components of huanglianjiedu decoction by HPLC-UV/MS]. Yao Xue Xue Bao, 41(4):380-384.
12. Kwok K.Y., Xu J., Ho H.M., Chen H.B., Li M., Lang Y., Han Q.B. (2013) Quality evaluation of commercial Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang based on simultaneous determination of fourteen major chemical constituents using high performance liquid chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal, 85:239-244.
13. Yang Y., Wang H.-J., Yang J., Brantner A.H., Lower-Nedza A.D., Si N., Song J.-F., Bai B., Zhao H.-Y., Bian B.-L. (2013) Chemical profiling and quantification of Chinese medicinal formula Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction, a systematic quality control strategy using ultra high performance liquid chromatography combined with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap and triple quadrupole mass spectrometers. Journal of Chromatography A, 1321:88-99.
14. Zhang C., Zhao R., Yan W., Wang H., Jia M., Zhu N., Zhu Y., Zhang Y., Wang P., Lei H. (2016) Compositions, formation mechanism, and neuroprotective effect of compound precipitation from the traditional chinese prescription huang-lian-jie-du-tang. Molecules, 21(8):1094.
15. Wang H., Li T., Xiang H., Zhang X., Fang K., Wu G., Yan M., Xue N., Chen M., Xie T. (2017) Origin and formation mechanism investigation of compound precipitation from the traditional Chinese prescription Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang by isothermal titration calorimetry. Molecules, 22(9):1456.
16. 武玉洁, 齐炼文, 张蕾 (2025) 黄连解毒汤活性成分与药理作用研究进展. 药学进展, 49(8):648-657.
17. Zhou X., Li H., Shi Z., Gao S., Wei S., Li K., Wang J., Li J., Wang R., Gong M. (2017) Inhibition activity of a traditional Chinese herbal formula Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang and its major components found in its plasma profile on neuraminidase-1. Scientific Reports, 7(1):15549.
18. Xue H., Zhang D.-K., Yu-Ming G., Wu-Wen F., Qin D., Zhang C.-E., Yong-Feng Z., Yan L., Jia-Bo W., Yan-Ling Z. (2016) Screening and evaluation of commonly-used anti-influenza Chinese herbal medicines based on anti-neuraminidase activity. Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines, 14(10):794-800.
19. Xinyi X., Leping L., Xueshuai C., Xi L., Sujuan P., Guomin Z. (2022) Network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis on molecular targets and mechanism prediction of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction in the treatment of COVID-19. Digital Chinese Medicine, 5(1):18-32.
20. Li X., Wei S., Ma X., Li H., Jing M., Liu H., Niu S., Tong Y., Chen L., Wei Y. (2021) Huanglian Jiedu decoction exerts antipyretic effect by inhibiting MAPK signaling pathway. Evidence‐Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2021(1):2209574.
21. Chen Y., Peng M., Li W., Zhao M., Cao X., Li C., Zhang H., Yang M., Liang L., Yue Y., Xia T., Zhong R., Wang Y., Shu Z. (2022) Inhibition of inflammasome activation via sphingolipid pathway in acute lung injury by Huanglian Jiedu decoction: An integrative pharmacology approach. Phytomedicine, 107:154469.
22. Zeng H., Liu X., Dou S., Xu W., Li N., Liu X., Zhang W., Hu Z., Liu R. (2009) Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang exerts anti-inflammatory effects in rats through inhibition of nitric oxide production and eicosanoid biosynthesis via the lipoxygenase pathway. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 61(12):1699-1707.
23. Xu Y., Chen S., Zhang L., Chen G., Chen J. (2021) The anti-inflammatory and anti-pruritus mechanisms of Huanglian Jiedu decoction in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 12:735295.
24. Wang J., Xie K.-h., Ren W., Han R.-y., Xiao L.-h., Yu J., Tan R.-z., Wang L., Liao D.-z. (2023) Huanglian Jiedu plaster ameliorated X-ray-induced radiation dermatitis injury by inhibiting HMGB1-mediated macrophage-inflammatory interaction. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 302:115917.
25. Chen G.-R., Zhang G., Li M.-Y., Jing J., Wang J., Zhang X., Mackie B., Dou D.-Q. (2016) The effective components of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction against sepsis evaluated by a lipid A-based affinity biosensor. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 186:369-376.
26. Lu J., Wang J.-S., Kong L.-Y. (2011) Anti-inflammatory effects of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction, its two fractions and four typical compounds. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 134(3):911-918.
27. Yu Y.-L., Lu S.-S., Yu S., Liu Y.-C., Wang P., Xie L., Wang G.-J., Liu X.-D. (2009) Huang-lian-jie-du-decoction modulates glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion in diabetic rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 124(3):444-449.
28. Wang M., Wang T., Gu F. (2024) Efficacy of Huanglian Jiedu decoction for Type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Complementary Medicine Research, 31(2):187-200.
29. Gong Z., Li R., Chen S., Wu H., Cai Y., Li J., Zhao X., Chu Q., Luo C., Qing L. (2022) Study on the mechanism of Huanglian Jiedu decoction in treating dyslipidemia based on network pharmacology. Journal of Healthcare Engineering, 2022(1):2457706.
30. Ikarashi N., Tajima M., Suzuki K., Toda T., Ito K., Ochiai W., Sugiyama K. (2012) Inhibition of preadipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation by orengedokuto treatment of 3T3‐L1 cultures. Phytotherapy research, 26(1):91-100.
31. Yotsumoto H., Yanagita T., Yamamoto K., Ogawa Y., Cha J., Mori Y. (1997) Inhibitory effects of Oren-Gedoku-to and its components on cholesteryl ester synthesis in cultured human hepatocyte HepG2 cells: evidence from the cultured Hep2G cells and in vitro assay of ACAT. Planta medica, 63(02):141-145.
32. Hayashi T., Ohta Y., Inagaki S., HARADA N. (2001) Inhibitory action of Oren-gedoku-to extract on enzymatic lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 24(10):1165-1170.
33. 金瑾, 张扬, 胡文祥, 张郑瑶, 徐楠楠, 周秋丽 (2010) 黄连解毒汤对高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢及其相关基因表达的影响. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 8(3):275-279.
34. 34. Lin J., Gu M., Wang X., Chen Y., Chau N.V., Li J., Chu Q., Qing L., Wu W. (2024) Huanglian Jiedu decoction inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell-derived foam cell formation by activating autophagy via suppressing P2RY12. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 328:118125.
35. Chen Q.-Q., Wang F.-X., Cai Y.-Y., Zhang Y.-K., Fang J.-K., Qi L.-W., Zhang L., Huang F.-Q. (2021) Untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics uncovering the cardioprotective effects of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction on pathological cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 270:113646.
36. 张英华, 吕翰林, 周建文, 樊丽, 李洋 (2024) 黄连解毒汤调节 HIF-1α/VEGF 信号通路改善 APP/PS1 双转基因小鼠学习记忆能力的作用机制. 中国实验方剂学杂志, 30(7):59-65.
37. Tejera D., Mercan D., Sanchez‐Caro J.M., Hanan M., Greenberg D., Soreq H., Latz E., Golenbock D., Heneka M.T. (2019) Systemic inflammation impairs microglial Aβ clearance through NLRP 3 inflammasome. The EMBO journal, 38(17):e101064.
38. 谢舒慧, 梁健芬, 李紫萁, 胡嘉洺, 徐钰潇, 李甜甜 (2024) 阿尔兹海默病的中医病因病机研究进展. Traditional Chinese Medicine, 13:2056.
39. Gu X., Zhou J., Zhou Y., Wang H., Si N., Ren W., Zhao W., Fan X., Gao W., Wei X. (2021) Huanglian Jiedu decoction remodels the periphery microenvironment to inhibit Alzheimer’s disease progression based on the “brain-gut” axis through multiple integrated omics. Alzheimer's Research & Therapy, 13(1):44.
40. Zheng J.-Y., Li X.-X., Lin W.-Y., Su S., Wu H.-C., Hu R.-D., Pan H.-F., Ye J.-H., Cai Y.-F., Zhang S.-J. (2023) Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction alleviates depressive-like behaviors in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis mice via Trem2/Dap12 pathway. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 315:116658.
41. Fu X., Wang J., Liao S., Lv Y., Xu D., Yang M., Kong L. (2019) 1H NMR-Based metabolomics reveals refined-Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-decoction (BBG) as a potential ischemic stroke treatment drug with efficacy and a favorable therapeutic window. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 10:337.
42. Liao F., He D., Vong C.T., Wang L., Chen Z., Zhang T., Luo H., Wang Y. (2022) Screening of the active Ingredients in Huanglian Jiedu decoction through amide bond-Immobilized magnetic nanoparticle-assisted cell membrane chromatography. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 13:1087404.
43. Sun LiMin S.L., Zhu BaoJie Z.B., Cao HuiTing C.H., Zhang XinYi Z.X., Zhang QiChun Z.Q., Xin GuiZhong X.G., Pan LinMei P.L., Liu LiFang L.L., Zhu HuaXu Z.H. (2018) Explore the effects of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang on Alzheimer's disease by UPLC-QTOF/MS-based plasma metabolomics study.
44. Hsu Y.L., Kuo P.L., Tzeng T.F., Sung S.C., Yen M.H., Lin L.T., Lin C.C. (2008) Huang‐lian‐jie‐du‐tang, a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, induces cell‐cycle arrest and apoptosis in human liver cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 23(7pt2):e290-e299.
45. Zhou X., Liu B., Ning Q., Xia Z., Zhong R., Zhang L., Wu L. (2021) Combination of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction and erlotinib delays growth and improves sensitivity of EGFR-mutated NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo via STAT3/Bcl-2 signaling. Oncology Reports, 45(1):217-229.
46. Chan Y.-T., Cheung F., Zhang C., Fu B., Tan H.-Y., Norimoto H., Wang N., Feng Y. (2020) Ancient Chinese medicine herbal formula Huanglian Jiedu Decoction as a neoadjuvant treatment of chemotherapy by improving diarrhea and tumor response. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 11:252.
47. 施繁莉, 吕慧侠, 张振海 (2021) 中药药效物质基础的相对动态性研究进展. 药学进展, 45(11):855-861.
48. Luo K., Zhao H., Wang M., Tian M., Si N., Xia W., Song J., Chen Y., Wang L., Zhang Y. (2024) Huanglian Jiedu Wan intervened with “Shi-Re Shanghuo” syndrome through regulating immune balance mediated by biomarker succinate. Clinical Immunology, 258:109861.
49. 胡琪, 解笑瑜, 王嗣岑 (2023) 细胞膜仿生亲和识别技术在中药活性成分筛选中的应用研究进展. 药学进展, 47(11):864-874.
2. Yuan Z., Yang L., Zhang X., Ji P., Hua Y., Wei Y. (2019) Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction ameliorates acute ulcerative colitis in mice via regulating NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling pathways and enhancing intestinal barrier function. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 10:1354.
3. Liu H., Chen X., Liu Y., Fang C., Chen S. (2021) Antithrombotic effects of Huanglian Jiedu decoction in a rat model of ischaemia-reperfusion-induced cerebral stroke. Pharmaceutical Biology, 59(1):821-825.
4. Zhang X.-J., Deng Y.-X., Shi Q.-Z., He M.-Y., Chen B., Qiu X.-M. (2014) Hypolipidemic effect of the Chinese polyherbal Huanglian Jiedu decoction in type 2 diabetic rats and its possible mechanism. Phytomedicine, 21(5):615-623.
5. Qi Y.-Y., Heng X., Yao Z.-Y., Qu S.-Y., Ge P.-Y., Zhao X., Ni S.-j., Guo R., Yang N.-Y., Zhang Q.-C. (2023) Involvement of Huanglian Jiedu decoction on microglia with abnormal sphingolipid metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease. Drug Design, Development and Therapy:931-950.
6. Qi Y., Zhang Q., Zhu H. (2019) Huang-Lian Jie-Du decoction: a review on phytochemical, pharmacological and pharmacokinetic investigations. Chinese medicine, 14(1):57.
7. Wang N., Feng Y., Tan H.-Y., Cheung F., Hong M., Lao L., Nagamatsu T. (2015) Inhibition of eukaryotic elongation factor-2 confers to tumor suppression by a herbal formulation Huanglian-Jiedu decoction in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 164:309-318.
8. He D., Liao F., Wang P., Gan B., Yu L. (2022) Rapid separation and identification of 96 main constituents in Huanglian Jiedu decoction via ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography-Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid mass spectrometer. Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 57(10):e4888.
9. Chen M., Wang P., Li T., Li L., Li J., Bai H., Lei H., Ma Q. (2021) Comprehensive analysis of Huanglian Jiedu decoction: Revealing the presence of a self-assembled phytochemical complex in its naturally-occurring precipitate. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 195:113820.
10. Zhu H., Qian Z., Li H., Guo L., Pan L., Zhang Q., Tang Y. (2012) Integrated pharmacokinetics of major bioactive components in MCAO rats after oral administration of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 141(1):158-169.
11. Sun J., Ma J.S., Jin J., Wang H.S., Wen Q.H., Zhang H.G., Zhou Q.L. (2006) [Qualitative and quantitative determination of the main components of huanglianjiedu decoction by HPLC-UV/MS]. Yao Xue Xue Bao, 41(4):380-384.
12. Kwok K.Y., Xu J., Ho H.M., Chen H.B., Li M., Lang Y., Han Q.B. (2013) Quality evaluation of commercial Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang based on simultaneous determination of fourteen major chemical constituents using high performance liquid chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal, 85:239-244.
13. Yang Y., Wang H.-J., Yang J., Brantner A.H., Lower-Nedza A.D., Si N., Song J.-F., Bai B., Zhao H.-Y., Bian B.-L. (2013) Chemical profiling and quantification of Chinese medicinal formula Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction, a systematic quality control strategy using ultra high performance liquid chromatography combined with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap and triple quadrupole mass spectrometers. Journal of Chromatography A, 1321:88-99.
14. Zhang C., Zhao R., Yan W., Wang H., Jia M., Zhu N., Zhu Y., Zhang Y., Wang P., Lei H. (2016) Compositions, formation mechanism, and neuroprotective effect of compound precipitation from the traditional chinese prescription huang-lian-jie-du-tang. Molecules, 21(8):1094.
15. Wang H., Li T., Xiang H., Zhang X., Fang K., Wu G., Yan M., Xue N., Chen M., Xie T. (2017) Origin and formation mechanism investigation of compound precipitation from the traditional Chinese prescription Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang by isothermal titration calorimetry. Molecules, 22(9):1456.
16. 武玉洁, 齐炼文, 张蕾 (2025) 黄连解毒汤活性成分与药理作用研究进展. 药学进展, 49(8):648-657.
17. Zhou X., Li H., Shi Z., Gao S., Wei S., Li K., Wang J., Li J., Wang R., Gong M. (2017) Inhibition activity of a traditional Chinese herbal formula Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang and its major components found in its plasma profile on neuraminidase-1. Scientific Reports, 7(1):15549.
18. Xue H., Zhang D.-K., Yu-Ming G., Wu-Wen F., Qin D., Zhang C.-E., Yong-Feng Z., Yan L., Jia-Bo W., Yan-Ling Z. (2016) Screening and evaluation of commonly-used anti-influenza Chinese herbal medicines based on anti-neuraminidase activity. Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines, 14(10):794-800.
19. Xinyi X., Leping L., Xueshuai C., Xi L., Sujuan P., Guomin Z. (2022) Network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis on molecular targets and mechanism prediction of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction in the treatment of COVID-19. Digital Chinese Medicine, 5(1):18-32.
20. Li X., Wei S., Ma X., Li H., Jing M., Liu H., Niu S., Tong Y., Chen L., Wei Y. (2021) Huanglian Jiedu decoction exerts antipyretic effect by inhibiting MAPK signaling pathway. Evidence‐Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2021(1):2209574.
21. Chen Y., Peng M., Li W., Zhao M., Cao X., Li C., Zhang H., Yang M., Liang L., Yue Y., Xia T., Zhong R., Wang Y., Shu Z. (2022) Inhibition of inflammasome activation via sphingolipid pathway in acute lung injury by Huanglian Jiedu decoction: An integrative pharmacology approach. Phytomedicine, 107:154469.
22. Zeng H., Liu X., Dou S., Xu W., Li N., Liu X., Zhang W., Hu Z., Liu R. (2009) Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang exerts anti-inflammatory effects in rats through inhibition of nitric oxide production and eicosanoid biosynthesis via the lipoxygenase pathway. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 61(12):1699-1707.
23. Xu Y., Chen S., Zhang L., Chen G., Chen J. (2021) The anti-inflammatory and anti-pruritus mechanisms of Huanglian Jiedu decoction in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 12:735295.
24. Wang J., Xie K.-h., Ren W., Han R.-y., Xiao L.-h., Yu J., Tan R.-z., Wang L., Liao D.-z. (2023) Huanglian Jiedu plaster ameliorated X-ray-induced radiation dermatitis injury by inhibiting HMGB1-mediated macrophage-inflammatory interaction. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 302:115917.
25. Chen G.-R., Zhang G., Li M.-Y., Jing J., Wang J., Zhang X., Mackie B., Dou D.-Q. (2016) The effective components of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction against sepsis evaluated by a lipid A-based affinity biosensor. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 186:369-376.
26. Lu J., Wang J.-S., Kong L.-Y. (2011) Anti-inflammatory effects of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction, its two fractions and four typical compounds. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 134(3):911-918.
27. Yu Y.-L., Lu S.-S., Yu S., Liu Y.-C., Wang P., Xie L., Wang G.-J., Liu X.-D. (2009) Huang-lian-jie-du-decoction modulates glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion in diabetic rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 124(3):444-449.
28. Wang M., Wang T., Gu F. (2024) Efficacy of Huanglian Jiedu decoction for Type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Complementary Medicine Research, 31(2):187-200.
29. Gong Z., Li R., Chen S., Wu H., Cai Y., Li J., Zhao X., Chu Q., Luo C., Qing L. (2022) Study on the mechanism of Huanglian Jiedu decoction in treating dyslipidemia based on network pharmacology. Journal of Healthcare Engineering, 2022(1):2457706.
30. Ikarashi N., Tajima M., Suzuki K., Toda T., Ito K., Ochiai W., Sugiyama K. (2012) Inhibition of preadipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation by orengedokuto treatment of 3T3‐L1 cultures. Phytotherapy research, 26(1):91-100.
31. Yotsumoto H., Yanagita T., Yamamoto K., Ogawa Y., Cha J., Mori Y. (1997) Inhibitory effects of Oren-Gedoku-to and its components on cholesteryl ester synthesis in cultured human hepatocyte HepG2 cells: evidence from the cultured Hep2G cells and in vitro assay of ACAT. Planta medica, 63(02):141-145.
32. Hayashi T., Ohta Y., Inagaki S., HARADA N. (2001) Inhibitory action of Oren-gedoku-to extract on enzymatic lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 24(10):1165-1170.
33. 金瑾, 张扬, 胡文祥, 张郑瑶, 徐楠楠, 周秋丽 (2010) 黄连解毒汤对高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢及其相关基因表达的影响. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 8(3):275-279.
34. 34. Lin J., Gu M., Wang X., Chen Y., Chau N.V., Li J., Chu Q., Qing L., Wu W. (2024) Huanglian Jiedu decoction inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell-derived foam cell formation by activating autophagy via suppressing P2RY12. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 328:118125.
35. Chen Q.-Q., Wang F.-X., Cai Y.-Y., Zhang Y.-K., Fang J.-K., Qi L.-W., Zhang L., Huang F.-Q. (2021) Untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics uncovering the cardioprotective effects of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction on pathological cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 270:113646.
36. 张英华, 吕翰林, 周建文, 樊丽, 李洋 (2024) 黄连解毒汤调节 HIF-1α/VEGF 信号通路改善 APP/PS1 双转基因小鼠学习记忆能力的作用机制. 中国实验方剂学杂志, 30(7):59-65.
37. Tejera D., Mercan D., Sanchez‐Caro J.M., Hanan M., Greenberg D., Soreq H., Latz E., Golenbock D., Heneka M.T. (2019) Systemic inflammation impairs microglial Aβ clearance through NLRP 3 inflammasome. The EMBO journal, 38(17):e101064.
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