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Analysis of patient admission and treatment structure at the Intensive Care Unit of Le Huu Trac National Burns Hospital in 2022 - 2023
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Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the disease patterns, treatment costs, and analyze the treatment characteristics and outcomes of severe burn patients at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Le Huu Trac National Burn Hospital during the period 2022 - 2023.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 953 patients treated at the ICU from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2023. Data on demographics, diagnosis categories, burn characteristics (%TBSA - Total Body Surface Area, %DBSA - Deep Burn Surface Area), treatment costs, and outcomes (survival/mortality, LA50 - Lethal Area 50%) were collected. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and appropriate inferential tests (Wilcoxon rank-sum, Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-square) with a significance level of p < 0.05.
Results: The median age was 38 years (IQR 19-57), 71.56% were male, and 93.28% had health insurance. Burn patients constituted the majority (80.9%, n = 772). Among burn patients, the main etiologies were dry heat (flame/contact) (58.03%), scalds (26.42%), and electrical injuries (14.25%); the median TBSA was 36% (IQR 24-55), and the median DBSA was 15% (IQR 5-30). The median total treatment cost was 92.8 million VND (IQR 43.7-195), with health insurance covering 58.3%. The cost for burn treatment (median 100 million VND) was higher than for other conditions, increased with burn size, and was highest in the 18 - 65 age group (p < 0.01). The mortality rate for burn patients was 24,9%. The median cost for non-survivors (76.7 million VND) was significantly lower than for survivors (96.4 million VND) (p = 0.007). The LA50 was estimated at approximately 65.13% for TBSA and 32.79% for DBSA.
Conclusion: Patients admitted to the ICU were primarily severe thermal burn cases, associated with very high treatment costs dependent on age and burn size. The significant mortality rate (24,87%) reflects the severity of admitted cases. The LA50 index (65,13% TBSA) indicates a relatively stable threshold for severe prognosis compared to previous periods.
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Keywords
Severe burns, Intensive Care Unit, Disease patterns, Treatment costs, Mortality, LA50
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