Đặc điểm tổn thương mô bệnh học của động mạch ngoại vi ở chi thể tổn thương do dòng điện cao thế.

Abstract

Introduction: In recent years, high voltage electric (HEV) is one of the most dangerous factors that cause burn-in daily life. Peripheral arteries are known as a tissue that was early vulnerable by electric current. This research aims to describe the histopathological characteristics of damaged peripheral vascular on high-voltage electrical burn limbs.
Objects and methods: From February 2020 to July 2020, we collected HVE burn patients who were an inpatient to the Adult Department. They all were over 16 years old. There was no combined trauma. The demographic data include age, sex, number of amputations, number of the damaged limb, and the period from accident to collecting the arteries sample (T) recorded. Early (T) was within 72 hours after burning. Peripheral artery samples were noted during the operation at the wrist and ankle, middle of the forearm, leg, or at the amputation position.
Results: Research data show that 18 patients admitted to the hospital, 16 of them were male (88.89%), and the median age was 36 (range 17 to 54). Sixty-six artery samples were collected. The figure for injured endothelium was 97%; 93.96 templates were sloughing off. The coagulative necrotic rate of media and external layer was 19.7% and 3%, respectively. The tunica-intima showed the highest proportion of leukocyte infiltration (13/66 samples). We also found that seven samples were rupturing while 17 others were partially rupturing.
Conclusion: The artery damage in HVE burn was complicated. The injury of each layer in the artery wall saw in the histopathological sample. The most characteristic of Intima injury was sloughing off that lead to thrombosis in the lumen of arteries. The artery rupture was the final consequence of the coagulative necrotic and leukocyte infiltration vascular wall. Further study should be taken into account for the prevention of artery damage and reduce the amputation rate in HVE burns.