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Date Published:
31/12/2023
Online Published:
31/12/2023
Abstract Views: 61
Views article details: 33
Views article details: 33
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Hoang, V. T., Bui, T. S., Nguyen, P. T., & Nguyen, T. V. (2023). Pathogenic microbiota in the oral and nasal cavity of healthy individuals as a potential source of infections. Journal of Disaster Medicine and Burn Injuries, 6, 34-41. https://doi.org/10.54804/yhthvb.6.2023.276
Pathogenic microbiota in the oral and nasal cavity of healthy individuals as a potential source of infections
Main Article Content
Abstract
Oral microbiota is personalized and varied among human habitats. Detection and identification of pathogenic bacteria and fungi are considered as a strategy for the prevention and control of infectious diseases. To date, no studies have investigated the prevalence of bacterial pathogens and fungi in healthy individuals in Vietnam, particularly the ethnic minorities.
This study aimed to evaluate the presence of aerobic bacteria and fungi in the oral and nasal cavities of Jrai healthy individuals in the Central Highland. Oral and nasal swab samples of 140 healthy Vietnamese were collected. Microbiological procedures were performed using standard techniques. A total of 220 bacterial isolates were identified. Of which, 10% (22/220) were potentially pathogenic species including Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Neisseria meningitidis, and Staphylococcus aureus. The most predominant bacteria family was Moraxellaceae (40%, 88/220), followed by Streptococcaceae (36.82%, 81/220).
Fungi were not detected in all samples. The oral and nasal cavity of healthy individuals harbors high frequencies of bacterial pathogens, suggesting its potential role as a source for these species. These pathogenic bacteria constitute the threat of their spread and the development of general infections. Infectious microbiota from the oral and nasal cavity should be examined as a preventive screening to control infectious diseases.
Article Details
Keywords
Microbiota, Biodiversity, Jrai people, Nasal cavity, Oral cavity
References
Gao L, Xu T, Huang G, Jiang S, Gu Y, Chen F. 2018. Oral microbiomes: more and more importance in oral cavity and whole body. Protein Cell 9: 488-500.
2. Leao-Vasconcelos LS, Lima AB, Costa Dde M, Rocha-Vilefort LO, Oliveira AC, Goncalves NF, Vieira JD, Prado-Palos MA. 2015. Enterobacteriaceae isolates from the oral cavity of workers in a Brazilian oncology hospital. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 57: 121-7.
3. Costello EK, Relman DA. 2014. Population health: immaturity in the gut microbial community. Nature 510: 344-5.
4. He J, Li Y, Cao Y, Xue J, Zhou X. 2015. The oral microbiome diversity and its relation to human diseases. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 60: 69-80.
5. Gholizadeh P, Eslami H, Yousefi M, Asgharzadeh M, Aghazadeh M, Kafil HS. 2016. Role of oral microbiome on oral cancers, a review. Biomed Pharmacother 84: 552-8.
6. Alzheimer's A. 2016. 2016 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures. Alzheimers Dement 12: 459-509.
7. Ussar S, Fujisaka S, Kahn CR. 2016. Interactions between host genetics and gut microbiome in diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Mol Metab 5: 795-803.
8. Onor IO, Stirling DL, Williams SR, Bediako D, Borghol A, Harris MB, Darensburg TB, Clay SD, Okpechi SC, Sarpong DF. 2017. Clinical Effects of Cigarette Smoking: Epidemiologic Impact and Review of Pharmacotherapy Options. Int J Environ Res Public Health 14.
9. Huang C, Shi G. 2019. Smoking and microbiome in oral, airway, gut and some systemic diseases. Journal of Translational Medicine 17: 225.
10. Tsuzukibashi O, Uchibori S, Kobayashi T, Saito M, Umezawa K, Ohta M, Shinozaki-Kuwahara N. 2015. A selective medium for the isolation of Microbacterium species in oral cavities. J Microbiol Methods 116: 60-5.
11. De Moura JP, Pimenta FC, Hayashida M, Cruz ED, Canini SR, Gir E. 2011. Colonization of nursing professionals by Staphylococcus aureus. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 19: 325-31.
12. Shilts MH, Rosas-Salazar C, Tovchigrechko A, Larkin EK, Torralba M, Akopov A, Halpin R, Peebles RS, Moore ML, Anderson LJ, Nelson KE, Hartert TV, Das SR. 2016. Minimally Invasive Sampling Method Identifies Differences in Taxonomic Richness of Nasal Microbiomes in Young Infants Associated with Mode of Delivery. Microb Ecol 71: 233-42.
13. Frayman KB, Armstrong DS, Grimwood K, Ranganathan SC. 2017. The airway microbiota in early cystic fibrosis lung disease. Pediatr Pulmonol 52: 1384-404.
14. Teo SM, Mok D, Pham K, Kusel M, Serralha M, Troy N, Holt BJ, Hales BJ, Walker ML, Hollams E, Bochkov YA, Grindle K, Johnston SL, Gern JE, Sly PD, Holt PG, Holt KE, Inouye M. 2015. The infant nasopharyngeal microbiome impacts severity of lower respiratory infection and risk of asthma development. Cell Host Microbe 17: 704-15.
1. Gao L, Xu T, Huang G, Jiang S, Gu Y, Chen F. 2018. Oral microbiomes: more and more importance in oral cavity and whole body. Protein Cell 9: 488-500.
2. Leao-Vasconcelos LS, Lima AB, Costa Dde M, Rocha-Vilefort LO, Oliveira AC, Goncalves NF, Vieira JD, Prado-Palos MA. 2015. Enterobacteriaceae isolates from the oral cavity of workers in a Brazilian oncology hospital. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 57: 121-7.
3. Costello EK, Relman DA. 2014. Population health: immaturity in the gut microbial community. Nature 510: 344-5.
4. He J, Li Y, Cao Y, Xue J, Zhou X. 2015. The oral microbiome diversity and its relation to human diseases. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 60: 69-80.
5. Gholizadeh P, Eslami H, Yousefi M, Asgharzadeh M, Aghazadeh M, Kafil HS. 2016. Role of oral microbiome on oral cancers, a review. Biomed Pharmacother 84: 552-8.
6. Alzheimer's A. 2016. 2016 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures. Alzheimers Dement 12: 459-509.
7. Ussar S, Fujisaka S, Kahn CR. 2016. Interactions between host genetics and gut microbiome in diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Mol Metab 5: 795-803.
8. Onor IO, Stirling DL, Williams SR, Bediako D, Borghol A, Harris MB, Darensburg TB, Clay SD, Okpechi SC, Sarpong DF. 2017. Clinical Effects of Cigarette Smoking: Epidemiologic Impact and Review of Pharmacotherapy Options. Int J Environ Res Public Health 14.
9. Huang C, Shi G. 2019. Smoking and microbiome in oral, airway, gut and some systemic diseases. Journal of Translational Medicine 17: 225.
10. Tsuzukibashi O, Uchibori S, Kobayashi T, Saito M, Umezawa K, Ohta M, Shinozaki-Kuwahara N. 2015. A selective medium for the isolation of Microbacterium species in oral cavities. J Microbiol Methods 116: 60-5.
11. De Moura JP, Pimenta FC, Hayashida M, Cruz ED, Canini SR, Gir E. 2011. Colonization of nursing professionals by Staphylococcus aureus. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 19: 325-31.
12. Shilts MH, Rosas-Salazar C, Tovchigrechko A, Larkin EK, Torralba M, Akopov A, Halpin R, Peebles RS, Moore ML, Anderson LJ, Nelson KE, Hartert TV, Das SR. 2016. Minimally Invasive Sampling Method Identifies Differences in Taxonomic Richness of Nasal Microbiomes in Young Infants Associated with Mode of Delivery. Microb Ecol 71: 233-42.
13. Frayman KB, Armstrong DS, Grimwood K, Ranganathan SC. 2017. The airway microbiota in early cystic fibrosis lung disease. Pediatr Pulmonol 52: 1384-404.
14. Teo SM, Mok D, Pham K, Kusel M, Serralha M, Troy N, Holt BJ, Hales BJ, Walker ML, Hollams E, Bochkov YA, Grindle K, Johnston SL, Gern JE, Sly PD, Holt PG, Holt KE, Inouye M. 2015. The infant nasopharyngeal microbiome impacts severity of lower respiratory infection and risk of asthma development. Cell Host Microbe 17: 704-15.
15. Kumpitsch C, Koskinen K, Schopf V, Moissl-Eichinger C. 2019. The microbiome of the upper respiratory tract in health and disease. BMC Biol 17: 87.
16. Butler RR, 3rd, Soomer-James JTA, Frenette M, Pombert JF. 2017. Complete Genome Sequences of Two Human Oral Microbiome Commensals, Streptococcus salivarius ATCC 25975 and S. salivarius ATCC 27945. Genome Announc 5.
17. Cho I, Blaser MJ. 2012. The human microbiome: at the interface of health and disease. Nat Rev Genet 13: 260-70.
18. Patricia A, Fernando AA, Célia MOG. 2015. Prevalence of different streptococci species in the oral cavity of children and adolescents. Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 2.
19. Mager DL, Haffajee AD, Devlin PM, Norris CM, Posner MR, Goodson JM. 2005. The salivary microbiota as a diagnostic indicator of oral cancer: a descriptive, non-randomized study of cancer-free and oral squamous cell carcinoma subjects. J Transl Med 3: 27.
20. Morita E, Narikiyo M, Nishimura E, Yano A, Tanabe C, Sasaki H, Hanada N. 2004. Molecular analysis of age-related changes of Streptococcus anginosus group and Streptococcus mitis in saliva. Oral Microbiol Immunol 19: 386-9.
21. Le Bars P, Matamoros S, Montassier E, Le Vacon F, Potel G, Soueidan A, Jordana F, de La Cochetiere MF. 2017. The oral cavity microbiota: Between health, oral disease, and cancers of the aerodigestive tract. Can J Microbiol 63: 475-92.
22. Su H, Yan X, Dong Z, Chen W, Lin ZT, Hu QG. 2015. Differential roles of Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide in maturation and antigen-presenting functions of dentritic cells. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 19: 2482-92.
23. McCormack MG, Smith AJ, Akram AN, Jackson M, Robertson D, Edwards G. 2015. Staphylococcus aureus and the oral cavity: An overlooked source of carriage and infection? American Journal of Infection Control 43: 35-7.
24. Baker JL, Hendrickson EL, Tang X, Lux R, He X, Edlund A, McLean JS, Shi W. 2019. Klebsiella and Providencia emerge as lone survivors following long-term starvation of oral microbiota. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116: 8499-504.
25. Souto R, Silva-Boghossian CM, Colombo AP. 2014. Prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. in subgingival biofilm and saliva of subjects with chronic periodontal infection. Braz J Microbiol 45: 495-501.
26. Conti S, dos Santos SS, Koga-Ito CY, Jorge AO. 2009. Enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonadaceae on the dorsum of the human tongue. J Appl Oral Sci 17: 375-80.
27. Ramos MM, Gaetti-Jardim EC, Gaetti-Jardim Junior E. 2009. Resistance to tetracycline and beta-lactams and distribution of resistance markers in enteric microorganisms and pseudomonads isolated from the oral cavity. J Appl Oral Sci 17 Suppl: 13-8.
28. Retchless AC, Kretz CB, Rodriguez-Rivera LD, Chen A, Soeters HM, Whaley MJ, Wang X. 2020. Oropharyngeal microbiome of a college population following a meningococcal disease outbreak. Sci Rep 10: 632.
29. Proctor DM, Relman DA. 2017. The Landscape Ecology and Microbiota of the Human Nose, Mouth, and Throat. Cell Host Microbe 21: 421-32.
30. Yu G, Phillips S, Gail MH, Goedert JJ, Humphrys MS, Ravel J, Ren Y, Caporaso NE. 2017. The effect of cigarette smoking on the oral and nasal microbiota. Microbiome 5: 3.
31. Grine G, Royer A, Terrer E, Diallo OO, Drancourt M, Aboudharam G. 2019. Tobacco Smoking Affects the Salivary Gram-Positive Bacterial Population. Front Public Health 7: 196.
32. Wu J, Peters BA, Dominianni C, Zhang Y, Pei Z, Yang L, Ma Y, Purdue MP, Jacobs EJ, Gapstur SM, Li H, Alekseyenko AV, Hayes RB, Ahn J. 2016. Cigarette smoking and the oral microbiome in a large study of American adults. The ISME Journal 10: 2435-46.
2. Leao-Vasconcelos LS, Lima AB, Costa Dde M, Rocha-Vilefort LO, Oliveira AC, Goncalves NF, Vieira JD, Prado-Palos MA. 2015. Enterobacteriaceae isolates from the oral cavity of workers in a Brazilian oncology hospital. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 57: 121-7.
3. Costello EK, Relman DA. 2014. Population health: immaturity in the gut microbial community. Nature 510: 344-5.
4. He J, Li Y, Cao Y, Xue J, Zhou X. 2015. The oral microbiome diversity and its relation to human diseases. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 60: 69-80.
5. Gholizadeh P, Eslami H, Yousefi M, Asgharzadeh M, Aghazadeh M, Kafil HS. 2016. Role of oral microbiome on oral cancers, a review. Biomed Pharmacother 84: 552-8.
6. Alzheimer's A. 2016. 2016 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures. Alzheimers Dement 12: 459-509.
7. Ussar S, Fujisaka S, Kahn CR. 2016. Interactions between host genetics and gut microbiome in diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Mol Metab 5: 795-803.
8. Onor IO, Stirling DL, Williams SR, Bediako D, Borghol A, Harris MB, Darensburg TB, Clay SD, Okpechi SC, Sarpong DF. 2017. Clinical Effects of Cigarette Smoking: Epidemiologic Impact and Review of Pharmacotherapy Options. Int J Environ Res Public Health 14.
9. Huang C, Shi G. 2019. Smoking and microbiome in oral, airway, gut and some systemic diseases. Journal of Translational Medicine 17: 225.
10. Tsuzukibashi O, Uchibori S, Kobayashi T, Saito M, Umezawa K, Ohta M, Shinozaki-Kuwahara N. 2015. A selective medium for the isolation of Microbacterium species in oral cavities. J Microbiol Methods 116: 60-5.
11. De Moura JP, Pimenta FC, Hayashida M, Cruz ED, Canini SR, Gir E. 2011. Colonization of nursing professionals by Staphylococcus aureus. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 19: 325-31.
12. Shilts MH, Rosas-Salazar C, Tovchigrechko A, Larkin EK, Torralba M, Akopov A, Halpin R, Peebles RS, Moore ML, Anderson LJ, Nelson KE, Hartert TV, Das SR. 2016. Minimally Invasive Sampling Method Identifies Differences in Taxonomic Richness of Nasal Microbiomes in Young Infants Associated with Mode of Delivery. Microb Ecol 71: 233-42.
13. Frayman KB, Armstrong DS, Grimwood K, Ranganathan SC. 2017. The airway microbiota in early cystic fibrosis lung disease. Pediatr Pulmonol 52: 1384-404.
14. Teo SM, Mok D, Pham K, Kusel M, Serralha M, Troy N, Holt BJ, Hales BJ, Walker ML, Hollams E, Bochkov YA, Grindle K, Johnston SL, Gern JE, Sly PD, Holt PG, Holt KE, Inouye M. 2015. The infant nasopharyngeal microbiome impacts severity of lower respiratory infection and risk of asthma development. Cell Host Microbe 17: 704-15.
1. Gao L, Xu T, Huang G, Jiang S, Gu Y, Chen F. 2018. Oral microbiomes: more and more importance in oral cavity and whole body. Protein Cell 9: 488-500.
2. Leao-Vasconcelos LS, Lima AB, Costa Dde M, Rocha-Vilefort LO, Oliveira AC, Goncalves NF, Vieira JD, Prado-Palos MA. 2015. Enterobacteriaceae isolates from the oral cavity of workers in a Brazilian oncology hospital. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 57: 121-7.
3. Costello EK, Relman DA. 2014. Population health: immaturity in the gut microbial community. Nature 510: 344-5.
4. He J, Li Y, Cao Y, Xue J, Zhou X. 2015. The oral microbiome diversity and its relation to human diseases. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 60: 69-80.
5. Gholizadeh P, Eslami H, Yousefi M, Asgharzadeh M, Aghazadeh M, Kafil HS. 2016. Role of oral microbiome on oral cancers, a review. Biomed Pharmacother 84: 552-8.
6. Alzheimer's A. 2016. 2016 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures. Alzheimers Dement 12: 459-509.
7. Ussar S, Fujisaka S, Kahn CR. 2016. Interactions between host genetics and gut microbiome in diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Mol Metab 5: 795-803.
8. Onor IO, Stirling DL, Williams SR, Bediako D, Borghol A, Harris MB, Darensburg TB, Clay SD, Okpechi SC, Sarpong DF. 2017. Clinical Effects of Cigarette Smoking: Epidemiologic Impact and Review of Pharmacotherapy Options. Int J Environ Res Public Health 14.
9. Huang C, Shi G. 2019. Smoking and microbiome in oral, airway, gut and some systemic diseases. Journal of Translational Medicine 17: 225.
10. Tsuzukibashi O, Uchibori S, Kobayashi T, Saito M, Umezawa K, Ohta M, Shinozaki-Kuwahara N. 2015. A selective medium for the isolation of Microbacterium species in oral cavities. J Microbiol Methods 116: 60-5.
11. De Moura JP, Pimenta FC, Hayashida M, Cruz ED, Canini SR, Gir E. 2011. Colonization of nursing professionals by Staphylococcus aureus. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 19: 325-31.
12. Shilts MH, Rosas-Salazar C, Tovchigrechko A, Larkin EK, Torralba M, Akopov A, Halpin R, Peebles RS, Moore ML, Anderson LJ, Nelson KE, Hartert TV, Das SR. 2016. Minimally Invasive Sampling Method Identifies Differences in Taxonomic Richness of Nasal Microbiomes in Young Infants Associated with Mode of Delivery. Microb Ecol 71: 233-42.
13. Frayman KB, Armstrong DS, Grimwood K, Ranganathan SC. 2017. The airway microbiota in early cystic fibrosis lung disease. Pediatr Pulmonol 52: 1384-404.
14. Teo SM, Mok D, Pham K, Kusel M, Serralha M, Troy N, Holt BJ, Hales BJ, Walker ML, Hollams E, Bochkov YA, Grindle K, Johnston SL, Gern JE, Sly PD, Holt PG, Holt KE, Inouye M. 2015. The infant nasopharyngeal microbiome impacts severity of lower respiratory infection and risk of asthma development. Cell Host Microbe 17: 704-15.
15. Kumpitsch C, Koskinen K, Schopf V, Moissl-Eichinger C. 2019. The microbiome of the upper respiratory tract in health and disease. BMC Biol 17: 87.
16. Butler RR, 3rd, Soomer-James JTA, Frenette M, Pombert JF. 2017. Complete Genome Sequences of Two Human Oral Microbiome Commensals, Streptococcus salivarius ATCC 25975 and S. salivarius ATCC 27945. Genome Announc 5.
17. Cho I, Blaser MJ. 2012. The human microbiome: at the interface of health and disease. Nat Rev Genet 13: 260-70.
18. Patricia A, Fernando AA, Célia MOG. 2015. Prevalence of different streptococci species in the oral cavity of children and adolescents. Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 2.
19. Mager DL, Haffajee AD, Devlin PM, Norris CM, Posner MR, Goodson JM. 2005. The salivary microbiota as a diagnostic indicator of oral cancer: a descriptive, non-randomized study of cancer-free and oral squamous cell carcinoma subjects. J Transl Med 3: 27.
20. Morita E, Narikiyo M, Nishimura E, Yano A, Tanabe C, Sasaki H, Hanada N. 2004. Molecular analysis of age-related changes of Streptococcus anginosus group and Streptococcus mitis in saliva. Oral Microbiol Immunol 19: 386-9.
21. Le Bars P, Matamoros S, Montassier E, Le Vacon F, Potel G, Soueidan A, Jordana F, de La Cochetiere MF. 2017. The oral cavity microbiota: Between health, oral disease, and cancers of the aerodigestive tract. Can J Microbiol 63: 475-92.
22. Su H, Yan X, Dong Z, Chen W, Lin ZT, Hu QG. 2015. Differential roles of Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide in maturation and antigen-presenting functions of dentritic cells. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 19: 2482-92.
23. McCormack MG, Smith AJ, Akram AN, Jackson M, Robertson D, Edwards G. 2015. Staphylococcus aureus and the oral cavity: An overlooked source of carriage and infection? American Journal of Infection Control 43: 35-7.
24. Baker JL, Hendrickson EL, Tang X, Lux R, He X, Edlund A, McLean JS, Shi W. 2019. Klebsiella and Providencia emerge as lone survivors following long-term starvation of oral microbiota. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116: 8499-504.
25. Souto R, Silva-Boghossian CM, Colombo AP. 2014. Prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. in subgingival biofilm and saliva of subjects with chronic periodontal infection. Braz J Microbiol 45: 495-501.
26. Conti S, dos Santos SS, Koga-Ito CY, Jorge AO. 2009. Enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonadaceae on the dorsum of the human tongue. J Appl Oral Sci 17: 375-80.
27. Ramos MM, Gaetti-Jardim EC, Gaetti-Jardim Junior E. 2009. Resistance to tetracycline and beta-lactams and distribution of resistance markers in enteric microorganisms and pseudomonads isolated from the oral cavity. J Appl Oral Sci 17 Suppl: 13-8.
28. Retchless AC, Kretz CB, Rodriguez-Rivera LD, Chen A, Soeters HM, Whaley MJ, Wang X. 2020. Oropharyngeal microbiome of a college population following a meningococcal disease outbreak. Sci Rep 10: 632.
29. Proctor DM, Relman DA. 2017. The Landscape Ecology and Microbiota of the Human Nose, Mouth, and Throat. Cell Host Microbe 21: 421-32.
30. Yu G, Phillips S, Gail MH, Goedert JJ, Humphrys MS, Ravel J, Ren Y, Caporaso NE. 2017. The effect of cigarette smoking on the oral and nasal microbiota. Microbiome 5: 3.
31. Grine G, Royer A, Terrer E, Diallo OO, Drancourt M, Aboudharam G. 2019. Tobacco Smoking Affects the Salivary Gram-Positive Bacterial Population. Front Public Health 7: 196.
32. Wu J, Peters BA, Dominianni C, Zhang Y, Pei Z, Yang L, Ma Y, Purdue MP, Jacobs EJ, Gapstur SM, Li H, Alekseyenko AV, Hayes RB, Ahn J. 2016. Cigarette smoking and the oral microbiome in a large study of American adults. The ISME Journal 10: 2435-46.