Article Sidebar

article details
Date Published: 28/08/2025
Online Published: 28/08/2025
Abstract Views: 198
Views article details: 50
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54804/yhthvb.4.2025.466
Issue
No. 4 (2025)
Section
Articles
How to Cite
Trinh, V. T., Nguyen, N. S., Nguyen, V. T., Dinh, X. C., Hoang, V. C., & Nguyen, V. D. (2025). Identification of risk factors and the role of antibiotics in the management of diabetic foot infections in type 2 diabetes at Nghe An General Friendship Hospital. Journal of Disaster Medicine and Burn Injuries, 4, 48-57. https://doi.org/10.54804/yhthvb.4.2025.466

Identification of risk factors and the role of antibiotics in the management of diabetic foot infections in type 2 diabetes at Nghe An General Friendship Hospital

Trinh Van Thong1,, Nguyen Ngoc Son1, Nguyen Viet Thanh1, Dinh Xuan Chuong1, Hoang Van Chau1, Nguyen Vo Dung1
1 Nghe An General Friendship Hospital

Main Article Content

Abstract

Aim: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) stands as the foremost risk factor for infected foot ulcers. Employing suitable antibiotic therapy becomes imperative in managing Diabetic Foot Infections (DFIs). This study endeavors to assess the efficacy of antibiotic treatment in addressing infected foot ulcers among patients with T2DM in Vietnam.
Subjects and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in 59 patients with DFI treated with antibiotic therapy combined with surgery to evaluate the treatment outcomes.
Results: The mean age was 62.5 ± 11 years and the female/male ratio was 3.5:1. Ulcer healing post-antibiotic treatment was 88.14%, with 37.29% aligning initial antibiotic treatment with antibiogram results. Bacterial resistance rates were hig for Cephalosporin (> 60%), Quinolone groups (> 60%), while Carbapenem group showed high sensitivity (> 70%). Initial empiric antibiotic treatment response was associated with osteomyelitis existence and ulcer healing outcomes (p < 0.005). Wagner grade > 2, elevated CRP levels, and atherosclerotic stenosis were associated with lengthy clinic stays.
Conclusion: Selecting the proper antibiotic regimen is crucial in effectively managing Type 2 Diabetic Foot Infections. Identifying the risk factors associated with treatment outcomes is imperative to mitigate adverse effects on foot infection treatment outcomes among T2DM patients in Nghe An General Friendship Hospital.

Article Details

Keywords

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic foot infection, Antibiotic therapy, Antibiogram

References

1. Mills JL, Sr, Conte MS, Armstrong D.G, Frank B, Schanzer PA, Sidawy N, et al. The Society for Vascular Surgery Lower Extremity Threatened Limb Classification System:risk stratification based on Wound, Ischemia, and foot Infection (WIfI) J Vasc Surg. 2014;59(1): 22034.e1.
2. Lipsky AB, Berendt AR, Cornia PB, Pile C, Peters EG, Armstrong DG, et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot infections. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;54(12): e132-e173.
3. Karagöz G, Kadanalı A, Öztürk S, Çakar Ş, Çomoğlu Ş, Doğan F. The analysis of the cost and amputation rates of hospitalized diabetic foot infection patients. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries. 2017; 37:201.
4. Skrepnek GH, Mills JL, Lavery LA, Armstrong DG. Health care service and outcomes among an estimated 6.7 million ambulatory care diabetic foot cases in the US. Diabetes Care. 2017;40(7): 936-42.
5. Armstrong DG, Boulton AJ, Bus SA. Diabetic foot ulcers and their recurrence. New England Journal of Medicine. 2017;376(24): 2367-75.
6. T.C. Goh, et al. Clinical and bacteriological profile of diabetic foot infections in a tertiary care. J Foot Ankle Res, 13 (1) (2020), p. 36.
7. D. Khan, et al. Molecular characterization and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial strains isolated from diabetic foot ulcers. Endocrine and Metabolic Science, 12 (2023).
8. H.D. Tran, et al. Community-acquired pneumonia-causing bacteria and antibiotic resistance rate among Vietnamese patients: a cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore), 101 (36) (2022).
9. S. Kim Tran, et al. The effect of bisoprolol on premature ventricular complex in Vietnamese patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy. Curr. Hypertens. Rev., 19 (1) (2023), pp. 42-51.
10. H. Van Minh, et al. Highlights of the 2022 Vietnamese Society of hypertension guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of arterial hypertension: the collaboration of the Vietnamese Society of Hypertension (VSH) task force with the contribution of the Vietnam National Heart Association (VNHA): the collaboration of the Vietnamese Society of Hypertension (VSH) task force with the contribution of the Vietnam National Heart Association (VNHA). J. Clin. Hypertens. (Greenwich), 24 (9) (2022), pp. 1121-1138.
11. P.N. Vera-Cruz, et al. Comparison of WIFi, University of Texas and Wagner classification systems as major amputation predictors for admitted diabetic foot patients: a prospective cohort study. Malays Orthop J, 14 (3) (2020), pp. 114-123.
12. C. He, et al. Comparison of lower extremity atherosclerosis in diabetic and non-diabetic patients using multidetector computed tomography. BMC Cardiovasc. Disord., 14 (2014), p. 125
13. R. Malhotra, C.S. Chan, A. Nather. Osteomyelitis in the diabetic foot. Diabet Foot Ankle (2014), p. 5.
14. B.A. Lipsky, et al. Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of foot infection in persons with diabetes (IWGDF 2019 update). Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev., 36 (Suppl. 1) (2020).
15. M. Amini, A. Davati, M. Piri. Determination of the resistance pattern of prevalent aerobic bacterial infections of diabetic foot ulcer. Iran. J. Pathol., 8 (1) (2013), pp. 21-26.
16. M. Zubair, A. Malik, J. Ahmad. Clinico-microbiological study and antimicrobial drug resistance profile of diabetic foot infections in North India. Foot (Edinb.), 21 (1) (2011), pp. 6-14.
17. E. Bansal, et al. Spectrum of microbial flora in diabetic foot ulcers Indian J. Pathol. Microbiol., 51 (2) (2008), pp. 204-208.
18. S.K. Jain, R. Barman. Bacteriological profile of diabetic foot ulcer with special reference to drug-resistant strains in a tertiary care center in north-east India. Indian J Endocrinol Metab, 21 (5) (2017), pp. 688-694.
19. J. Mehta, K.M. Kikani, S.J. Mehta. Microbiological profile of diabetic foot ulcers and its antibiotic susceptibility pattern in a teaching hospital, Gujarat. International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 3 (1) (2017), pp. 92-95.
20. B.T. Rodrigues, V.N. Vangaveti, U.H. Malabu. Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic lower limb amputation: a clinic-based case control study. J. Diabetes Res., 2016.
21. Y. Jiang, et al. Epidemiology of type 2 diabetic foot problems and predictive factors for amputation in China. Int J Low Extrem Wounds, 14 (1) (2015), pp. 19-27.
22. D. Pastore, et al. Risk factors for diabetic foot ulcers: an Albanian retrospective study of inpatients with type 2 diabetes. Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci., 26 (2) (2022), pp. 558-572.
23. Éric Senneville, Zaina Albalawi, Suzanne A. van Asten, et al. IWGDF/IDSA Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetes-related Foot Infections (IWGDF/IDSA 2023). Clinical Infectious Diseases IDSA GUIDELINES.
24. American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2009 Jan;32(Suppl 1): S62-S67.
25. Lipsky BA, Berendt AR, Cornia PB, et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot infections. Clin Infect Dis. 2012; 54(12): e132-e173.